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of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from the 242 HAQUE, M.E.; ISLAM, M.N.;
Endophytic Fungus of Ocimum basilicum. Dhaka RAHMAN, M.H. & MOHAMAD, A.U.
Univ. J. Pharm. Sci., 2005, 4 (2), 127-130. (Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Dhaka University, Dhaka). Antimicrobial and
Twenty three endophytic f'ungi from leaf, stem and Cytotoxic Activities of the Crude Extracts and
root of Ocimum basilicum (Tulshi) were isolated lsolated Compounds of xylocarpus
and purified. One of the fungi (2L-5) isolated from
the leaves was fermented in a large scale and mollucensis. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci., 2007,
extracted with ethyl acetate. The fungal extract was 6 (2), 109-112.
found to be active against two bacteria, Bacillus
cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. From the ethyl The fractionated crude extracts and three isolated
acetate extract two steroids, ergosterol and pure compounds XM-1. XM-2 and XM-3 from
cerevisterol were isolated. Structures of the stem bark of Xylocarpus mollucensis were
compounds were elucidated by high-resolution I- screened for their antibacterial and antifungal
activities and cytotoxicity against brine shrimp
and 2-D NMR spectroscopy. nauplii. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and
methanol (MeOH) extracts and the compounds
241 HAQUE, M.E. (Dept. of Dermatology, isolated from EtOAc fractions were studied for
Dhaka Medical College & Hospital); their antimicrobial activities. Cytotoxic activities
SAFAYETULLAH, Q.; ISLAM, S.N. were conducted only with EtOAc extract and its
(Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Dhaka selected fractions. The EtOAc extract showed
University, Dhaka) & AHSAN, M. (Dept. of promising antimicrobial activities against all the
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dhaka University, gram positive and gram negative bacteria whereas
Dhaka). Hypoglycaemic Property of petroleum ether extract showed moderate activities
Nutraceuticals. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci., 2007, 6 and the MeOH extract did not show any
(2), 105-107. antimicrobial activities. The isolated pure
compounds XM-I, XM-2 and XM-3, whose
Hypoglycaemic property of four nutraceuticals structures were not elucidated, exhibited activities
named - black cumin, garlic, methi and karela against most of the bacterial strains. The
been investigated on an alloxan induced diabetic cytotoxicity towards brine shrimp nauplii of the
rat model. Glibenclamide was used as positive crude EtOAC extract and its selected fractions
control and normal saline was used as negative were studied. The LC values of the EtoAc extract
control. Serum glucose levels of normal and was 12.6 µg/ml and for the fractions 2, 5, 8 and 13
diabetic induced rats were estimated by Glucose were 17.78, 13.34, 14.13 and 15.85 µg/ml,
Oxidase method using a kit, and it were 4.33 ± respectively.
0.43 mmol/L and 8.27 ± 0.45mmol/L respectively.
The alloxan induced diabetic rats were grouped 243 HAQUE, M.E.; SHEKHAR, H.U.;
into six. which were then treated with the four MOHAMAD, A.U.; RAHMAN, H.; ISLAM,
nutraceuticals and two controls. Treatment was A.K.M.M. & HOSSAIN, M.S. (Dept. of
given orally everyday for 28 days. Serum glucose Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dhaka
level was analysed every 7 day intervals. It was
observed that lowering of glucose level was University, Dhaka). Triterpenoids from the Stem
significant P = 0.01) for every 7 day treatment Bark of Avicennia officinalis. Dhaka Univ. J.
period. All of the nutraceuticals reduced the serum Pharm. Sci., 2006, 5 (1-2), 53-57.
glucose level nearly to the normal value within 28
days. The rate of lowering of the glucose level was The triterpinoids, betulinic acid, lupeol and
found to vary with the nutraceuitcals. Garlic was betulinaldehyde, were isolated from the ethyl
found to be most active like the glibenclamide. The acetate extract of the stem bark of Avicennia
next active one was black cumin followed by methi officinalis (Avicenniaceae) by a combination
and karela. The study conclude that nutraceuticals of column and preparative Thin-layer
possess significant hypoglycaemic property. chromatagraphy over silica get. The structures
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