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HIV infection through the implementation of specific and accurate than ultrasonography in
communication and education programs aimed to detecting HCC.
change high-risk behavior. However, the disparate
number of HIV/AIDS prevention programs 286 HOQUE, R. (Dept. of Cardiac Surgery,
independently operating in Bangladesh combined Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University,
with the difficulty in adequately targeting this Shahbag, Dhaka); RASHID, Z. & SARKAR,
unique population of IDUs and sex workers S.K. (Dept. of Cardiac Surgery, National Intitute
establishes a complex situation where attaining for Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka). Antibiotic
behavior change extremely difficult. This paper sterilization of cadaveric homograft aortic valve
proposes adoption of the FOMENT model to for clinical use. Bang. Med. Res. Counc. Bull.
design a health communication campaign targeting 2007, 33 (2), 69-72.
the high-risk populations in Bangladesh.
Since the first cardiac valve replacement in the
285 HOQUE, H.W.; AHSAN, S.; ISLAM, early sixth decade of the last century, the search
M.N. (Dept. of Radiology and Imaging, continued for ideal cardiac valve substitute with
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical proven structural durability over a period of 10 to
University, Shahbag, Dhaka) & ALAM, S. 20 years, central flow orifice without transvalvular
(Dept. of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib gradient, absence of host reactivity deleterious to
Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka). valve function, non-thrombogenecity without the
Ultrasonography and computer tomography use of anti-coagulant, resistance to infective
evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma with endocarditis, availability with cost efectiveness and
cytohistopathological correlation. Bang. Med. ease of surgical implantation .The experience with
1
Res.Counc. Bull., 2007, 33 (2), 73-77. prosthetic tissue valves commenced almost
simultaneously with the silastic ball valve and the
The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) aortic homograft valve. Homograft aortic valves
in Bangladesh is 35% among all liver diseases. have been used either as fresh, antibiotic sterilized
Sonolgraphic examinations were performed for the or cryo-preserved, as a replacement for mitral
evaluation of 38 cases of HCC; then, CT valve, aortic valve, aortic root replacement, or a
examinations were done of these cases conduit between the light ventricle and the
subsequently. Expert opinion was taken in each pulmonary trunk.
case for both modalities. Age, sex, clinical
features, location of the hepatic lesion, Homograft cardiac valve or valve conduit is used
multiplicity, echo-character, CT density, and, in correcting some congenital malformation in
contrast enhancement were evaluated in all cases. childhood, in old age because of higher rate of
Histocytopathology reports were collected from complication of either bleeding or
the patients and were correlated with the thromboembolism from anticoagulant used along
ultrasonography and CT findings. Thirty five cases with mechanical valves, in women wanting a child
were detected as HCC on ultrasonography and 36 because of the risk of embryopathy or CNS defect
cases in CT scan. In ultrasonograpy, most of the from warfarin anticoagulant, patients with risk of
lesions (82.9%) were found in right lobe, hemorrhage from chronic liver disease, active
maximum lesions (45.7%) were hypoechoic and peptic ulcer, bleeding diathesis, in refractory cases
lesion showed mosaic pattern in 68.6% cases, of prosthetic valve endocarditis or native valve
lateral shadowing in 34.3% and posterior acoustic endocarditis.
cnhancement in 45.7% cases. Significant Fresh sterile homograft is difficult to procure so a
difference found between mosaic pattern and method of sterilizing contaminated heart valve
lateral shadowing (p<0.05). On CT scan, majority from autopsy specimen using low concentration of
of lesions (50%) were hypodense, 91.7% lesions antibiotic cocktail is needed before its storage by
were contrast enhanced. Pattern of enhancement cryo-preservation method.
was mostly heterogeneous. Both of the modalities
found sensitive but CT was found more sensitive,
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