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In conclusion compare to surgical closed mitral methylation specific PCR (qMS-PCR), matrix-
commissurotomy (CMC) percutaneous assisted laser desorption/ionizaion time of fight
transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry, quantitative
produce excellent and comparable early clinical fluorescent PCR (QF-PCR), single allele primer
and haermodynarmic improvement that is extension reaction (SAPER) method and other
sustained through mid-term period of follow-up. techniques the applications in clinical medicine
have increased. The recent discovery of epigenetic
282 CHOUDHRY, S.; ISOMOTO, I. & changes in placental/fetal DNA and the detection
HYASHI, K. (Dept. of Radiology, School of of fetal/placental-specific RNAs have made FeNAs
Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan). to be used for diagnosis of genetic disorders in all
Magnetic Resonance Imaging features of breasts in pregnancies irrespective of the gender of the fetus
patients with nipple discharge. Bang. Med.Res. in early intrauterine life. It is now possible to
Counc. Bull., 2008, 34 (2), 44-47. detect very small amounts of, and specific
mutations in, fetal DNA in the presence of excess
A retrospective study was conducted to non-specific maternal DNA. In oncology, detection
demonstrate the potential role of dynamic contrast and monitoring of tumors are now possible by the
enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCEMRI) detection of tumor-derived FcNas. In other
in the detection of breast lesions in 15 patients with conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, trauma and
nipple discharge. The DCEMRI findings were stroke FcNas have been shown to be useful also. In
compared and correlated with the findings of spite of these advances questions regarding the
ultrasonography and mammography. The results origin and biologic significance of FcNas remain
revealed that the character of the nipple discharge to be answered. Standardization of methodologies
was mostly bloody and in few cases were serous. including pre-analytical and analytical aspects will
The imaging findings revealed that DCEMRI is revolutionize the applications of FcNas in the
highly sensitive and specific in the detection of diagnosis and monitoring of diseases in clinical
breast cancer and the histopathological correlation medicine in the next few years.
in such detection was highly significant (p<0.001)
as compared to ultrasonography and 284 HAIDER, M.(School of Public Health,
mammography finding. University of Maryland, College Park, MD
20742, USA) ; AHMED, S.N. & JAHA, N.K.
283 GLASUDDIN, A.S.M.; JHUMA, K.A. (Research Training Management International,
(Dept. of Biochemistry, Medical College for Gulsan, Dhaka). Bangladesh HIV/AIDS
Women and Hospital, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka) communication challenges and strategies. Bang.
& Haq, A.M.M. (Dept. of Medicine, Medical Med. Res. Counc. Bull., 2008, 34 (2), 54-61.
College for Women and Hospital, Uttara Model
Town, Dhaka). Applications of free circulating Bangladesh is in a precarious position in relation to
nucleic acids in clinical medicine: Recent the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Rates are currently low
advances. Bang. Med.Res. Counc. Bull., 2008, 34 compared to the rest of the South Asian region, and
the disease is relatively confined to small, high-risk
(1), 26-32. populations-mainly injection drug users (IDUs)
and commercial sex workers. Yet if steps are not
The objective of this review article was to taken quickly to keep the epidemic in check, it
highlight briefly the recent advances made relevant could easily spread to the general population as it
to applications of free circulating nucleic acids has in other countries nearby. This would both
(FcNAs) in clinical medicine. Detection of FcNAs increase the negative impact of HIV/AIDS and
in plasma, serum and other body fluids from make it much harder to target for containment. It is
healthy subjects as well as in patients has opened therefore imperative that healthy behavior be
up the possibility of diagnosis and monitoring of promoted among IDUs and sex users, not only for
diseases.With the rapid developments in molecular their own health, but for the health of the country.
biology techniques such as real-time quantitative Prevention will be the key to halting the spread of
polymerase chain reaction (rt-qPCR), quantitative
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