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demonstration of position and attachment was diseases, bone and joint disorders,. injuries and
done in almost all mothers. Oketani massage genetic disorders. It is estimated that chronic
was given to 29% vs. 36.6% in group 1 and 2 diseases will account for double the number of
respectivly. deaths from all infectious diseases (including
HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria), maternal
The LMC of ICMH provides breast feeding and perinatal conditions, and nutritional
services to mothers delivered at ICMH as well deficiencies combined.
as those delivered in the community. Further
study is required to evaluate the role of the Most of the world's, population live in the
centre in addressing the need of lactating developing countries. Around 4.9 million people
mothers for successful breast feeding. die as a result of tobacco use: 2.6 million people
614 : MEDICAL SCIENCES : die as a result of being, overweight or obese; 4.4
PUBLIC HEALTH million people die as a result of raised total
cholesterol levels; 7.1 million people die as a result
of raised blood pressure. These deaths occur in
217 CHOWDHURY, A.M.S. U.; equal numbers among men and women. Almost
RAHMAN, M. & ISLAM, M.S.; (Dept. of half of chronic disease deaths occur prematurely in
Applied Chesmistry and Chemical Technology, people under 70 years of age. One quarter of all
Dhaka University, Dhaka). STUDIES ON TRACE chronic disease deaths occur in people under 60
ELEMENTS OF TANNERY EFFLUENTS. J. years of age. Childhood overweight and obesity in
Bang. Acad. Sci., 2006, 30 (1), 9-13. children is a rising global problem. About 22
million children aged less than five years are
A survey of trace elements levels in the effluents overweight. Bangladesh is now suffering from an
of tannery industries is reported. The epidemiological transition of double burden of
concentrations of chromium, manganese, zinc, both chronic and infectious diseases. Chronic
copper, iron, nickel, strontium, potassium and diseases burden are increasing over the time. These
calcium were measured by TXRF (Total Reflection diseases hinder economic growth and reduce the
X-ray Fluorescence) method. The concentrations development potential of a country. The great
of observed metals levels were compared with epidemics of tomorrow are unlikely to resemble
industrial effluent quality standards for those that have previously swept the world. The
Bangladesh. 'invisible' epidemics of chronic diseases for the
foreseeable future will take the greatest toll in
218 HUSSAIN, S.M.A. (Dept. of Oncology, deaths and disability. The strongest evidence can
BSMMU, Dhaka). PREVENTING SILENT dispel notions that chronic diseases are a distant
CHRONIC KILLER DISEASES : A STRATEGIC threat and are less important and serious than some
INTERVENTION FOR UPCOMING GLOBAL infections diseases.
PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES AND
BANGLADESH. Bang. Med. J., 2006, 35 (2), 67- Chronic diseases can be prevented and controlled.
70. In reality the major causes (risk factors such as
unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and tobacco use)
Chronic diseases are the major cause of deaths of chronic diseases are known, and if these risk
globally and impact is gradually rising. Around factors were eliminated, at least 80% of all heart
more than half of all deaths are due 10 chronic disease, stroke and type-2 diabetes would be pre-
diseases. Low and middle-income countries experi- sented; over 40% of cancer would be prevented.
ence the bulk share of deaths caused due to chronic 80% of premature heart disease, stroke and
diseases. Thousands of people died prematurely diabetes can be prevented. Every death averted is a
each year as a result of the global epidemic chronic bonus, but the goal contains an additional positive
diseases. Chronic diseases include heart disease, feature: almost half of these averted deaths would
stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, be in men and women under 70 years of age and
diabetes, mental disorders, visual impairment and almost nine out of 10 of these would be in low and
blindness, hearing impairment and deafness. oral middle income countries. Extending these lives for
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