Page 196 - 15Diarrhoeaandvomiting
P. 196
Index
odds ratio (OR), xvii WHO, composition, 61, 63, 64
ondansetron, 104 reduced osmolarity solution vs, 61
health economics, 108, 153 oral rehydration therapy (ORT), xvii, 54
costs, 154 administration rate, rapid, IV fluid vs, 69
discussion, 155 costs, 144, 150
economic analysis, 153 dehydration risk without, 54
effectiveness measure, 153 duration, 65
model probabilities, 153 failure, IVT after, 67
results, 154 home, dehydration prevention, 54
sensitivity analysis, 154 isotonic solution recommendation by NPSA, 71
intravenous IVT comparison, 55
vs metaclopramide vs placebo, 108 Cochrane review, 142
vs placebo, 106, 108 cost-effectiveness. see cost-effectiveness
oral, placebo vs, 105, 106, 108 recommendations, 13, 60
benefits, 108 IVT vs (all degrees/types of dehydration), 56
economic advantages, 108 cost-effectiveness evidence, 57
effect on hospital readmission, 107 evidence overview, 56
effect on need for IVT, 107 evidence summary, 57
GDG interpretation, 109 failure estimates, 56
meta-analysis, 106 phlebitis risk with IVT, 56
research recommendations, 18, 109 risk of failure to rehydrate, 56, 59
vomiting cessation, 107, 108 IVT vs (developed countries) systematic review, 62
oral fluids IVT vs (hypernatraemic dehydration), 59
optimal see also hypernatraemic dehydration
clear fluids vs ORS, 60 IVT vs (severe dehydration), 57
evidence overview, 60 evidence overview, 57
evidence summary, 60 evidence summary, 59
GDG interpretation of evidence, 61 GDG interpretation of evidence, 59
rehydration after IVT, 68 Indonesian RCT, 58
types and effectiveness, 60 Iran RCT, 57
oral rehydration salt (ORS) solution, xvii, 54 reduced osmolarity ORS vs WHO ORS and, 64
advantages, 55 IVT, changing from, 73
cereal-based, 64 recommendations, 74
composition and variations, 61 nasogastric tube administration, 65
products available in UK, 64 research recommendations, 17, 66
glucose-based vs rice-based, 61, 64 optimal composition/administration, 60
Cochrane review, 62 clear fluids vs ORS, 60
diarrhoea duration, 63 recommendations, 13, 66
evidence overview, 61 see also oral fluids; oral rehydration salt (ORS)
evidence summary, 63 solution
glycine-based, 64 prevention of dehydration, 54
high-osmolarity/low-sodium vs low-osmolarity/low- recommendations, 13, 66
sodium, 61 regimen, 64
evidence overview, 61 evidence overview, 64
evidence summary, 63 evidence summary, 65
GDG interpretation of evidence, 63 GDG interpretation of evidence, 65
systematic review, 62 GDG worked example, 65
home, dehydration prevention, 54 recommendations, 13, 66
hypernatraemia associated, 61 research recommendations, 17, 66
IVT vs timing of feeding after, 79
all grades/types of dehydration, 56 traditional approach, 65
see also oral rehydration therapy (ORT) volume given, 65
nasogastric tube administration, 17, 66 by body weight, 65
not provided, dehydration associated, 38 GDG recommendation, 65
optimal composition, 60, 61 zinc therapy with, 118
evidence overview, 60 osmolality, oral rehydration fluids, 60
evidence summary, 63 osmolarity, xvii
GDG interpretation of evidence, 63 osmosis, xvii
key recommendations, 10 otitis media, acute, 26
recommendations, 13, 66 outcome, xvii
oral glucose electrolyte vs oral sucrose solution, 64
organic solutes in, 61 P value, xviii
osmolarity, 61, 62, 64 paralytic ileus, xvii, 149, 151
supplementary, after rehydration, 75 parasite, xvii
171
