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Cell Signalling Biology Michael J. Berridge Module 2 Cell Signalling Pathways 2 27

Module 2: Table Ca 2 + signalling toolkit
The Ca 2 + signalling toolkit.
Component Comments
RECEPTORS AND TRANSDUCERS
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) See Module 1: Table G-protein-coupled receptors for a list of those
GPCRs that act by stimulating phospholipase Cβ
Tyrosine-kinase-linked receptors See Module 1: Figure tyrosine kinase-linked receptors. (The receptors
shown opposite can activate phospholipase Cγ)
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) See Module 1: Figure PDGFR activation
PDGFRα
PDGFRβ
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
ERBB1--ERBB4
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) See Module 9: Figure VEGF-induced proliferation
VEGFR1--VEGFR3
G Proteins
Gα q ,Gα 11 ,Gα 14 ,Gα 15 ,Gα 16 ,Gβγ These G protein subunits activate phospholipase C (Module 2: Figure
heterotrimeric G protein signalling)
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors
RasGRF1 A Ca 2 + -activated GEF expressed in brain (Module 2: Figure Ras
signalling)
Regulators of G protein signalling (RGS)
RGS1, RGS2, RGS4, RGS16
Phospholipase C (PLC)
PLCβ1--4, PLCγ1--2, PLCδ1--4, PLCε,PLCζ PLC hydrolyses PtdIns4,5P 2 to form InsP 3 and DAG (Module 2: Figure
PLC structure and function)
ADP-ribosyl cyclase Functions to generate cADPR and NAADP (Module 2: Figure
CD38 cADPR/NAADP function)

CHANNELS
Plasma membrane channels
Voltage-operated channels (VOCs) See Module 3: Table VOC classification for further details
Ca V 1.1 (L-type)
Ca V 1.2 (L-type)
Ca V 1.3 (L-type)
Ca V 1.4 (L-type)
Ca V 2.1 (P/Q-type)
Ca V 2.2 (N-type)
Ca V 2.3 (R-type)
Ca V 3.1 (T-type)
Ca V 3.2 (T-type)
Ca V 3.3 (T-type)
Ca 2 + -sensitive ion channels
Ca 2 + -activated K + channels See Module 3: Table properties of Ca 2 + -sensitive K + channels for
further information
SK (small conductance Ca 2 + -sensitive channel)
IK (intermediate conductance Ca 2 + -sensitive channel)
BK (large conductance Ca 2 + -sensitive channel)
Ca 2 + -activated chloride channel
HCLCA1 (human chloride channel, Ca 2 + -activated)
Receptor-operated channels (ROCs) See Module 3: Table receptor-operated channel toolkit for further
details)
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor
5-HT 3
AMPA receptors α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor
NMDA receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
P2X receptors
Second messenger-operated channels (SMOCs) Module 3: Figure Ca 2 + entry mechanisms
Arachidonate-regulated Ca 2 + channel (I ARC )
Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGs) Module 3: Figure cyclic nucleotide-gated channels
CNGA1--CNGA4, CNGB1, CNGB3
Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family Module 3: Figure TRP channel phylogeny
TRPC1--TRPC7 Canonical
TRPV1--TRPV6 Vanilloid
TRPM1--TRPM8 Melastatin
Polycystins Module 3: Figure polycystin domain structure
PC1
PC2
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca 2 +
release channels
InsP 3 receptors (InsP 3 Rs) Module 3: Figure InsP 3 R structure
InsP 3 R1
InsP 3 R2
InsP 3 R3
Ryanodine receptors (RYRs) Module 3: Figure ryanodine receptor structure
RYR1
RYR2
RYR3

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