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fingerlings were conducted for a one-hour truck at 6 h. Plasma chloride level continued to decline
transport simulation. Three replicates were used in after confinement. The prolonged confinement
each experiment. The unconditioned fingerlings resulted in the lowest level of chloride observed 6
had 5-folds higher mortality (32.30 ± 2.96%) than h after treatment. The results suggest that although
the conditioned ones (6.41 ± 0.88%). Although the pre-confinement handling was more stressful than
levels of plasma cortisol between two groups of confinement, mortality resulting from confinement
fingerlings were similar, the level of chloride density and duration could be very low in silver
(21.44 ± 1.83 meq/1) in unconditioned fingerlings carp fingerlings.
was 3-folds lower than in the conditioned ones
(62.56 ± 0.93 meq/1). Transported (both 541 HASAN, M. & BART, A.N. (Asian
conditioned and unconditioned) fingerlings had Institute of Technology, School of Environment
significantly lower chloride levels than the levels Resources and Development, Thailand).
before loading. Livelihood and seed mortality related vulnerability
of carp seed traders of Bangladesh. Bang. J. Fish.
540 HASAN, M. (Aquaculture and Aquatic Res., 2005, 9(1), 87-88.
Resources Management, School of Environmental
Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Carp seed traders in Bangladesh are considered as
Technology, Thailand). Effects of Confinement one of the poorest, most vulnerable and least
Density and Duration on the Mortality and studied sub-population. Millions of fingerlings are
Physiological Responses in Silver Carp transported annually to various parts of the country
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix Val. Fingerlings. using bus tops and/or truck-beds in open and hand
Bang. J. Zool., 2007, 35(1), 87-94. agitated method by the traders and as a result they
encounter mass seed mortality. They are the key
This study evaluated the levels of plasma cortisol players in augmenting aquaculture activities by
and chloride as physiological stress responses and distributing fish fry and fingerlings to the fish
mortality resulting from the confinement density farmers. Assessment of the seed sources and the
and duration of silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys livelihood of the traders are important to identify
molitrix, fingerlings simulated in situ. The their point of entry to the aquaculture sector and
fingerlings were transported for one hour on the further improvement. Status of household asset,
day before the completion of this experiment. income profiles, and risks involved were examined
Although the level of mortality was little, it was, using DFID's sustainable livelihood approach
however, relatively high in the first hours of (SLA) framework. Tools used to collect data
confinement and low in the later hours. Initial included group discussions (GD), semi-structured
disturbances resulting from netting and capturing and structured household (HH) survey. Samples
were found to cause the maximum elevation of (n=637) were randomly drawn purposefully from
cortisol. The level of cortisol in Density 1 (9 10% of the carp seed traders within 11 districts.
2
kg/m ) was significantly lower than the levels Sampled HH were classified into six land classes.
2
observed in Density 2 (18 kg/m ) and Density 3
2
(27 kg/m ) although the levels in the letter's were 542 HASEN, M.A. (Fish Inspection & Quality
similar to the level found in pre-confined Control (FIQC), Khulna); RABBANI, A.G.;
fingerlings. However, after confinement, the levels MOSTAFA, M.; RAHMAN, S.M. (Fisheries &
of cortisol declined and resumed to increase further Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna
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