Page 190 - 15Diarrhoeaandvomiting

Index

cluster, x C-reactive protein (CRP)
cluster randomised trial, x bacterial vs viral gastroenteritis, 35
Cochrane Collaboration, x diagnostic accuracy, 35
Cochrane Library, x evidence summary, 36
Cochrane review, ORT vs IVT, 142, 150 GDG interpretation of evidence, 36
coeliac disease, xi, 26 quick-read, bacterial vs viral gastroenteritis, 35
cohort, xi Crohn’s disease, xii, 26
cohort study, xi indication for investigations, 32
colloid fluids, xi cross-sectional study, xii
crystalloid fluids vs, 71 Cryptosporidium parvum infection
community antiprotozoal drug therapy, 95
infectious intestinal disease incidence, 29 evidence summary, 96
suggested prevalence of unreported infections, 29 GDG interpretation, 102
viral gastroenteritis incidence, 29, 30 nitazoxanide vs placebo therapy, 95
community face-to-face assessment nitazoxanide/co-trimoxazole vs placebo, 96
diagnosis by, recommendations, 12, 46 community and GP practice incidence, 30
recommendations, 15, 136 diagnostic tests, 96
complementary therapy. see alternative/complementary frequency as cause of traveller’s diarrhoea, 33
therapies frequency by year and age, 31
concealment of allocation, xi crystalloid fluids, xii
confidence interval (CI), xi colloid fluids vs, 71
confounding variables, ix cytotoxin, xii
confounding variables (confounder), xi
conscious state changes, 45 decision analysis, xii
consensus method, xi decision tree, xii
constipation, xi ORT vs IVT, 141
consumables, costs, 143 decision-analytic model, ORT vs IVT in dehydration
IVT, 146 treatment, 57, 141
ORT, 145 declaration of interest, xii
continuity of care, 135 dehydration, xii, xx, 38
control group, xi assessment, 38
controlled clinical trial (CCT), xii biochemical disturbances with, 51
cool extremities, dehydration detection, 42 see also biochemical abnormalities, in
cost(s) gastroenteritis
ORT vs IVT, 142 care at home recommendations, 16, 138
see also cost-effectiveness classification by severity, 43
cost-benefit analysis, xii advantages of new GDG system, 45
cost-effectiveness American Subcommittee on Acute
definition, xii Gastroenteritis, 45
ORT vs IVT in dehydration treatment, 57, 140 as guide for fluid management, 44
bottom-up costing method, 143 ESPGHAN, 43
costs, 142 evidence summary, 42
discussion, 150 GDG interpretation of evidence, 44
IVT costs, 144 new GDG system, 12, 44, 46
literature review, 140 WHO, 43
method, 141 clinical assessment, 38
model parameters/assumptions, 141 clinical detection, 40
Monte Carlo simulation, 151 evidence overview, 41
one-way sensitivity analysis, 148 evidence summary, 42
ORT costs, 144 GDG interpretation of evidence, 42
results, 148 ‘gold standard’, 17, 46
‘worst case’ sensitivity analysis, 147, 148, 150 key recommendations, 9
rapid IVT, 73 parental observation vs professionals, 41
cost-effectiveness analysis, definition, xii precision, 41
cost-minimisation approach, IVT vs ORT in recommendations, 12, 46
dehydration, 57 reference standard, 41, 42
cost-utility analysis, xii systematic review, 41
co-trimoxazole, Cryptosporidium parvum infection, 96 training of clinicians, 45
cow’s milk clinical features, 12, 17, 40, 41, 46, 47
formula reintroduction after rehydration, 81, 82 key recommendations, 9
lactose-free cow’s milk vs, after rehydration, 86 signs. see dehydration, signs
protein intolerance, 89 symptoms, history, 41
special formula vs, refeeding after rehydration, 87 enteric pathogen frequency, 28
see also milk formulae fluid deficit percentage, 42

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