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      Reduction in mortality
      Increase in productive activities and employment
      Improvement in family and social relationships
      Prevention of addiction-related diseases such as HIV or abscesses or
      endocarditis
      Improvement in emotional and psychiatric health
      Improvement in self-efficacy and personal growth (spiritual health)
      Reduction in criminal activities

      Some of these outcomes are hard to measure, such as personal growth,
      or family relationships. Some of these outcomes are measured by
      comparing how the person is doing before treatment to how he or she
      is doing during treatment. Other outcomes compare persons who are
      actively using drugs and not in treatment, to those who are now in
      treatment, as a group.

      What Outcomes Have Been Measured For Methadone
      Maintenance Treatment?

      Here are some of the outcomes that have actually been measured for
      methadone maintenance treatment:

      Table 2

      Outcomes for Methadone Maintenance Treatment
          •  8-10 fold reduction in death rate
          •  reduction of drug use
          •  reduction of criminal activity
          •  engagement in socially productive roles
          •  reduced spread of HIV
          •  excellent retention


      One way of saying this is: the patient’s life becomes stabilized by this
      treatment. The medication becomes a platform that allows the patient
      to live his or her life, and engage in recovery activities. A legal,
      steady, long-acting dose of prescribed daily methadone stabilizes the
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