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Candida balanitis: Candida balanitis is acquired through sexual intercourse with a
partner who has vulvovaginal candidiasis. A patch resembling thrush appears on the
glans and may spread to the thighs, gluteal folds, buttocks, and scrotum.
Investigation
Wet mount: for hyphae, pseudohyphae, or budding yeast cells.
KOH smear: to demonstrate fungal elements.
Treatment
Candida intertrigo - Topical azoles and polyenes, including clotrimazole, miconazole,
and nystatin, are effective. Keeping the infected area dry is important.
Paronychia - the most important intervention is drainage followed by oral antifungal
therapy with either ketoconazole, fluconazole or itraconazole. Single daily dose of
itraconazole taken for 3-6 months or a pulsed-dose regimen that requires a slightly
higher dose daily for 7 days, followed by 3 weeks off therapy. The cycle is repeated
every month for 3-6 months.
Oropharyngeal candidasis (OPC): - Topical (nystatin, clotrimazole, amphotericin B
oral suspension) or systemic oral azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole).
Vulvovaginal candidiasis – Azole suppository or pessaries , in resistant case
systemic therapy for 10 days. Imidazole cream topically for 3 – 7 days with 1 dose of
150mg Fluconazole P.O.
3.8. Viral infections
3.8.1. Warts
Warts or verrucae are benign growths on the skin or mucous membranes that cause
cosmetic problems as well as pain and discomfort. They are seen on people of all
ages but most commonly appear in children and teenagers.
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