Page 59 - Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques for the Detection of Skin Cancers
P. 59

Appendix D. Evidence Maps and Outcome Measures



                                                                                                                                                                                  a
                                        Table D-1. Evidence map of published abstracts for noninvasive diagnostic devices by clinical use status (N=583 )
                                                                                           Reviews (N=232)                                             Primary Studies (N=351)
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Single
                                                                               Narrative       Technical      Systematic                Comparative       Non-comparative       Diagnostic
                                             Noninvasive technologies                                                         RCT                                                                  case
                                                                                reviews         reports         reviews                    cohorts             cohorts             tests          reports

                                            Modalities in general clinical use
                                                                                                                                 b
                                            Photography                            4               4               --          7             11                  13                  5               -
                                            Dermoscopy                             78             71               5            3            39                  96                  52             49
                                            Subtotal                               81             74               5           10            50                  109                 57             49
                                            Modalities in limited clinical use
                                            Confocal microscopy                    17             12               --           --            6                  26                  7               4
                                            Ultrasound/Laser Doppler               6              12               --           --            2                   7                  7               --
                                            Photodynamic diagnosis                 9               7               --           1             4                   --                 --              1
                                            Subtotal                               32             31               0            1            12                  33                  14              5
                                            Investigational
                                            Multiphoton laser scanning             3               --              --           --            --                  --                 2               --
                                            microscopy
                                            Multispectral imaging and
                                                                                    c
                                            fully automated computer-              1               --              --           --            --                  --                 1               --
                                            based analysis
                                            Electrical bio-impedance               --              --              --           --            1                   2                  2               --
                                            Optical coherence                      1               2               --           --            1                   1                  --              --
                                            tomography
                                            Tape stripping                         --              --              --           --            --                  --                 1               --
                                            Thermography                           1               --              --           --            --                  --                 --              --
                                            Subtotal                               6               2               0            0             2                   3                  6               0

                                            Total                                 119             108              5           11            64                  144                 77             55
                                        a  Subset of 629 abstracts designated as either a review article or primary study focusing on a single diagnostic modality, some review articles have been counted in more than one
                                        category, therefore , the individual numbers may not sum up to the subtotal.
                                        b  6 unique RCTs produced 7 individual abstracts.
                                        c  Review also covered other topics (e.g., dermoscopy).













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