Page 110 - Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2005)

IR-6.3 S U B S T I T U T I V E N O M E N C L A T U R E

Example:
1. H H
7 N 8a N 2
HB 8 B 1 BH

HN 5 N 4 NH
6 B 4a B 3
H H
{Numbering is only for method (ii)}
(i) octahydro[1,3,5,2,4,6]triazatriborinino[1,3,5,2,4,6]triazatriborinine
(ii) octahydro-1,3,4a,6,8-pentaaza-2,4,5,7,8a-pentaboranaphthalene
(iii) bicyclo[4.4.0]pentaborazane
In this example, names (i) and (ii) need the additional ‘octahydro’ prefix because the available
parent hydrides for these constructions (triazatriborinine and naphthalene, respectively) are
mancude (i.e. have the maximum number of non-cumulative double b onds).

IR-6.3 S U B S T I T U T I V E N A M E S O F D E R I V A T I V E S O F P A R E N T H Y D R I D E S

IR-6.3.1 Use of suffixes and p refixes
Substituent groups (or substituents), considered as replacing hydrogen atoms in parent
hydrides, a re named using a ppropriate suffixes (‘ol’, ‘thiol’, ‘peroxol’, ‘carboxylic acid’,
etc.) and prefixes ( ‘hydroxy’, ‘phosphanyl’, ‘bromo’, ‘nitro’, etc.). Substituent suffixes are
ranked in Section P-43 of Ref. 1. Prefixes a re extensively l isted in Appendix 2 o f R ef. 1.
The case of substituents formed by removal of one or more h ydrogen atoms from a
parent hydride is explained briefly, with examples, in Section IR-6.4.7, and prefixes for
many common inorganic substituents are included i n T able IX.
Some substituents are always cited as prefixes, most notably halogen atoms. Otherwise,
the highest-ranking substituent ( the principal characteristic group) is cited as a s uffix and the
rest of the substituents as prefixes. Except for ‘hydro’, prefixes a re cited in alphabetical order
before the name of the parent hydride, parentheses being u sed to avoid ambiguity.
Multiplicative prefixes indicate the presence of two or more identical substituents; if the
substituents themselves are substituted, the prefixes ‘ bis’, ‘tris’, ‘tetrakis’, etc. a re used. In
the case of a m ultiplicative prefix ending in ‘a’ and a s uffix starting with a v owel, the ‘a’ is
elided (see Example 2 b elow). The fi nal ‘e’ of a p arent hydride name is elided in front o f a
suffix starting with a v owel (see Examples 1 a nd 5 b elow).
Where there is a c hoice of parent hydride among those listed in Table IR-6.1 (or
corresponding hydrides with non-standard bonding numbers, cf. S ection IR-6.2.2.2), the
name is based on the parent hydride of the element occurring first in the sequence: N, P, As,
Sb, Bi, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, B , A l, Ga, In, Tl, O, S, Se, Te, C, F, Cl, Br, I.
The above exposition is only a v ery brief overview of the most important principles of
substitutive nomenclature. In Ref. 1, an extensive system of rules is developed for choosing
one name a mong the many u nambiguous substitutive names that may often be constructed
for organic compounds. A corresponding extensive set of rules has not been developed for
non-carbon-containing compounds, p artly because many such compounds can just as well be
given additive names (Chapter IR-7), a nd often are.

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