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108 CHAPTER 6
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Figure 6.7 Probability that a line will be in a particular stage at age 80. Pa-
rameters for the panels here from top to bottom match the curves from top to
bottom in Figure 6.6. Probability shown on a log 10 scale. If the number of lines
7
in an individual tissue is L = 10 , then, on a logarithmic scale, the expected
number of lines in each stage is log 10 (p i L) = log 10 (p i ) + 7.
that Armitage’s approximation can be off by a significant amount. I have
avoided using such approximations here and in other sections. With
modern computational tools, it is just as easy to obtain exact results by
direct calculation of the dynamical system, as I do throughout this book.
