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Table 7. Eligibility criteria for enrollment in protocols with palliative intent in chronological order of starting enrollment year (continued)
Center, Country Term Age PSA Gleason score # biopsy Imaging Stage Behavioral indication (other than
[Pubmed ID] used (yr) (ng/mL) cores /% patients’ choice or preference)
Enrollment cores
years
Taichung No – – – – – T1a –
Veterans treatment
Hospital,
Taiwan 143
[12854876]
1983-1996
SPCG-4, Finland, WW <75 <50 If diagnosed with an – Bone scan T0d, T1 or –
Sweden, and extended biopsy negative T2; T1c
Iceland 144 protocol, <25% of the (after 1994)
[12226148] tumor Gleason grade
4 and <5% grade 5
1989-1999
Erasmus Univ. No 50- ≤15 150 <8 150 – Bone scan T1c or T2 150 No treatment decision was made by the
Hospital, treatment 75 a151 and chest urologist in discussion with the patient
Netherlands 145 /AS 150 x-ray and his family, with respect to patient
[7544841] negative age, general health, clinical stage and
patient preference. 145 All patients had
≤1990; 1993- estimated survival >1 yr.
2006 150
Royal Marsden WW – Any ≤7 – – any T stage, Unsuitable for RP typically because
Hospital, UK 112 N0/X, advanced age or comorbidities.
[15839912] M0/X
1993-2002
PIVOT, US 146 WW ≤75 ≤50 Any – Bone scan T1- –
[18783735] negative T2/Nx/M0
1994-2002
Watchful Waiting WW <85 <50 <8 – – – > 3-yr life expectancy, no history of any
Study, US 147 type of malignancy within the past 5 yr
[14501381] with the exception of non-melanoma
skin cancer
1998-2003
51