Page 79 - 16Neonatal Jaundice_compressed

Factors that influence hyperbilirubinaemia and kernicterus

Table 3.1 Comparative studies evaluating risk factors for hyperbilirubinaemia
Study details Study Risk factor
population
Family history of GA < 38 weeks or Sex Race Exclusive Early clinical Severity of Bruising or cephalo- Delivery Maternal
jaundice early gestation breastfeeding jaundice jaundice haematoma characteristics characteristics
Newman et al. BW ≥ 2000 g OR 6.0 (1.0–36.0) GA per week: OR 0.6 Male Asian OR 6.9 (2.7–17.5) OR 7.3 (2.8– Bruising: OR 3.5 (1.7– Vacuum delivery: Maternal age
(2000) 9 and GA (0.4–0.7) sex: NS race: 19.0) 7.4) NS ≥ 25 years: OR 2.6
[EL II] ≥ 36 weeks OR 3.1 Cephalohaematoma: (1.1–9.2)
(1.5–6.3) OR 3.2 (1.1–9.2)
Newman et al. BW ≥ 2000 g RR 2.9 (1.6–
10
(2002) and GA 5.2)
[EL II] ≥ 36 weeks

Kuzniewicz et GA ≥ 34 weeks OR 3.8 (0.9–15.7) For 34–37 weeks: Male Asian and OR 2.0 (1.03–4.0) Serum Bruising: OR 2.4 (1.2–
11
al. (2008) and BW NS OR 3.7 (0.6–22.7) sex: NS African Risk after reaching bilirubin 4.8)
[EL II] ≥ 2000 g with For 38–39 weeks: American qualifying serum increase of Cephalohaematoma:
serum bilirubin OR 3.1 (1.2–8.0) race: NS bilirubin levels ≥ 102 micr NS
levels of 291– 40 weeks as reference omol/litre
392 micromol/litr per day:
e at ≥ 48 hours OR 2.5 (1.2–
of age 5.5)
Keren et al. BW ≥ 2000 g if GA < 38 weeks: Male Asian, OR 2.6 (1.5–4.5 Analysed Analysed Bruising: NS Vacuum delivery: Maternal age,
12
(2005) GA ≥ 36 weeks, OR 2.6 (1.5–4.5) sex: NS Hispanic, separately as separately as Cephalohaematoma: OR 2.2 (1.5–3.6) parity,
[EL II] and BW black: NS pre-discharge pre- NS Oxytocin use: hypertension,
≥ 2500 g if GA risk zones discharge OR 2.0 (1.2–3.4) diabetes: NS
≥ 35 weeks risk zones
Seidman et al. Healthy term Jaundice in sibling: NS Male Jewish Full breastfeeding: Day 1 serum Change in Cephalohaematoma: Vacuum delivery: Maternal age per
(1999) babies (GA sex: NS ethnicities: NS bilirubin level serum NS NS year: OR 1.1 (1.0–
13
[EL II] ≥ 37 weeks) NS > 85 micromo bilirubin 1.2)
l/litre: OR 36.5 from day 1 Maternal blood
(15.9–83.6) to day 2 per type O: OR 2.9
17 micromol (1.5–5.8)
/litre: OR 2.4
(1.9–3.0) Maternal education
per year: OR 0.8
(0.7–0.9)
Keren et al. GA ≥ 36 weeks GA < 38 weeks: Female Black Mother’s plan of Analysed Clinical Vacuum delivery: Maternal smoking,
14
(2008) and BW OR 19 (6.3–56) sex: race: exclusive separately as jaundice NS ethnicity: NS
[EL II] ≥ 2000 g, or GA OR 3.2 OR 0.22 breastfeeding: pre-discharge grade 4 or
≥ 35 weeks and (1.2– (0.08– OR 3.7 (1.1–13) risk zones higher:
BW ≥ 2500 g 8.4) 0.61) OR 1.7 (1.2–
2.6)

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