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ory.
                                            Copernicus could not sever himself from
                                         this obnoxious tradition.[5] It is true that
                                         neither the Pythagorean nor the Egypto-
                                         Tychonic system required epicycles for ex-
                                         plaining retrograde motion, as the Ptole-
                                         maic theory did. Furthermore, either sys-
                                         tem could use the excentric of Hipparchus
                                         to explain the irregular motion known as
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