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problem; there was no notion of a governing
                                         law of forces.
                                            From this time onwards all interest in
                                         astronomy seemed, in Europe at least, to
                                         sink to a low ebb. When the Caliph Omar,
                                         in the middle of the seventh century, burnt
                                         the library of Alexandria, which had been
                                         the centre of intellectual progress, that cen-
                                         tre migrated to Baghdad, and the Arabs
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