Page 228 - HIV/AIDS Guidelines

Appendix B, Table 1. Characteristics of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) (Last
updated March 27, 2012; last reviewed March 27, 2012) (page 3 of 3)

Dosing
Recommendations
Generic Name Serum/
Adverse Events
(abbreviation)/ Formulations (For dosage adjustment Elimination Intracellular (Also see Table 13)
in renal or hepatic
Trade Name Half-lives
insufficiency, see
Appendix B, Table 7.)
Tenofovir Viread Viread Renal excretion 86% 17 hrs/ • Renal insufficiency, Fanconi
Disoproxil • 150-, 200-, 250-, 300 mg once daily >60 hrs syndrome
Fumarate 300-mg tablets 7.5 scoops once daily Dosage adjustment • Osteomalacia, decrease in bone
(TDF)/Viread in patients with renal
• 40-mg/g oral Take without regard to insufficiency mineral density
Also available as powder meals recommended (See • Potential decrease in bone
component of Mix oral powder with 2–4 Appendix B, Table 7.) mineral density
fixed-dose ounces of food not requiring
combinations: chewing (e.g., applesauce, • Severe acute exacerbation of
yogurt). Do not mix oral hepatitis may occur in
HBV-coinfected patients who
powder with liquid.
discontinue TDF.
Atripla Atripla Atripla • Asthenia, headache, diarrhea,
TDF with EFV+FTC (TDF 300 mg + 1 tablet at or before bedtime nausea, vomiting, and flatulence
EFV 600 mg + Take on an empty stomach
FTC 200 mg) tablet
to reduce side effects
Complera Complera Complera
TDF with RPV+FTC (TDF 300 mg + 1 tablet once daily
RPV 25 mg + Take with a meal
FTC 200 mg) tablet
Truvada Truvada Truvada
TDF with FTC (TDF 300 mg + 1 tablet once daily
FTC 200 mg) tablet
Take without regard to meals
Zidovudine Retrovir Retrovir Metabolized to GAZT 1.1 hrs/ • Bone marrow suppression:
(ZDV)/ • 100-mg capsule 300 mg BID or Renal excretion of 7 hrs macrocytic anemia or neutropenia
Retrovir (generic • 300-mg tablet 200 mg TID GAZT • Nausea, vomiting, headache,
available) insomnia, asthenia
• 10-mg/mL Take without regard to meals Dosage adjustment
Also available as intravenous in patients with renal • Nail pigmentation
component of solution insufficiency
fixed-dose recommended (See • Lactic acidosis/severe
combinations: • 10-mg/mL oral Appendix B, Table 7.) hepatomegaly with hepatic
solution steatosis (rare but potentially life-
threatening toxicity)
Combivir Combivir Combivir
(generic available) (ZDV 300 mg + 1 tablet BID • Hyperlipidemia
ZDV with 3TC 3TC 150 mg) tablet
• Insulin resistance/diabetes mellitus
Trizivir Trizivir Trizivir • Lipoatrophy
ZDV with 3TC+ABC (ZDV 300 mg + 1 tablet BID
3TC 150 mg + • Myopathy
ABC 300 mg) tablet

Key to Abbreviations: 3TC = lamivudine, ABC = abacavir, BID = twice daily, d4T = stavudine, ddI = didanosine, EC = enteric coated, EFV = efavirenz,
FTC = emtricitabine, GAZT = azidothymidine glucuronide, HBV = hepatitis B virus, HLA = human leukocyte antigen, HSR = hypersensitivity reaction,
MI = myocardial infarction, RPV = rilpivirine, TDF = tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, TID = three times a day, WHO = World Health Organization,
ZDV = zidovudine

Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents O-3

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