Page 134 - 84 human physiolofy part-1

Chapter 7

Hemoglobin (Hb): iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that combines with and transports
oxygen

Hemophilia: genetic disorder in which the affected individual may have uncontrollable bleeding;
blood does not clot

Hemostasis: the process by which blood flow is stopped; also describes the clotting of blood

Lymphocytes: cells of the Lymphatic system, provide defense against specific pathogen or toxins

Monocytes: The largest white blood cell. Becomes a macrophage when activated. Engulfs
pathogens and debris through phagocytosis, also involved in presenting antigens to B and T
lymphocytes.

Neutrophils: the most common white blood cell; they are phagocytic and engulf pathogens or
debris in the tissues; also release cytotoxic enzymes and chemicals to kill pathogens

NK-Cells: also known as "Natural Killer Cells", these T lymphocytes are responsible for
surveillance and detection of abnormal tissue cells; important in preventing cancer

Phagocytosis: process by which amoeboid-like cells engulf and ingest, and thereby destroy,
foreign matter or material

T-Cell: cells that mediate by coordinating the immune system and enter the peripheral tissues.
They can attack foreign cells directly and control the activities of other lymphocytes

Review Questions

1.Taking aspirin every day can reduce the risk of heart disease because:

A) it is a powerful vasodilator
B) it blocks pain receptors in heart tissue
C) it stops ventricular fibrillation
D) it loosens plaque on arterial walls
E) it prevents platelet clumping

2. A hematocrit measures percentage of:

A) White blood cells
B) Plasma
C) Platelets
D) Red blood cells

3. Fred's blood type is O- and Ginger's is B+. Fred and Ginger have a son who is AB+. What do you
conclude?

A) If they have a second child Ginger needs to have RhoGam shot
B) There is no risk to a second child, unless it has a negative blood type

134 | Human Physiology