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Key Summary Points
1. Gastrointestinal stomas are rare in children. 5. The majority of complications from gastrointestinal stomas
require some surgical intervention; however, initial nonoperative
2. Stomas are typically created in emergency surgery situations, management is often appropriate.
but may be necessary in the treatment of congenital
abnormalities. 6. Prolapse or retraction of temporary stomas may best be treated
3. Stomas may be classified as temporary or permanent, as well by restoring intestinal continuity, if possible, rather than revision
of the stoma.
as by where they occur in the intestinal tract.
4. Divided stomas are more common in paediatric patients and
tend to have a lower risk of complications compared to loop
ileostomies or colostomies.

References

1. Gauderer MWL. Stomas of the small and large intestine. In: 4. Nwomeh B. Reoperation for Stoma Complications. In: Teich S,
O’Neill JA, Rowe MI, Grosfeld JI, Fonkalsrud EW, Coran GA, eds. Caniano DA, eds. Reoperative Pediatric Surgery. Humana Press,
Pediatric Surgery, 5th ed. Mosby Year Book, 1998, Pp 1349–1359. 2008, Pp 279–285.
2. Minkes RK, Mazziotti MV, Langer JC. Stomas of the small 5. Gauderer MW, Izant Jr RJ. A technique for temporary control of
and large intestine. eMedicine SpecialtiesàPediatrics: colostomy prolapse in children. J Pediatr Surg 1985; 20(6):653–655.
SurgeryàGeneral Surgery. Available at emedicine.medscape.
com/article/939455-overview. Accessed 26 June 2009. 6. Osifo OD, Osaigbovo EO, Obeta EC. Colostomy in children:
indications and common problems in Benin City, Nigeria. Pak J
3. Sanders C, Bray L. Managing children with stomas. Charter Stoma Med Sci 2008; 24:199–203.
Care. Hayword Medical Communications, 2007; 29:9–10.