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Oesophageal Atresia  309


                                                    Key Summary Points
             1.  The incidence of oesophageal atresia in Africa is comparable   4.  Diagnosis of PA is confirmed with a nasogastric tube and high
                to that in the Western world.                       index of suspicion.
             2.  Prenatal diagnosis of OA is rare.               5.  A babygram is the most useful image.
             3.  Delayed presentation of OA with pneumonia, dehydration, and   6.  Outcomes depend on the availability of resources and
                failure to feed is the norm in Africa.              technical skill.






                                                     Suggested Reading

               Bar-Maor JA, Shoshany G, Sweed Y. Wide gap esophageal atresia:   Holcomb GW, Rothenberg SS, Bax K, et al. Thoracoscopic repair
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                 24(9):882–883.                                      institutional analysis. Ann Surg 2005; 242(3):428–430.
               Da Carvalho JL, Maynard J, Hadley GB. An improved technique for   Iliff PJ. Neonatal surgery in Harare Hospital. Cent Afr Jour Med 1990;
                 in situ esophageal myotomy and proximal pouch mobilization in   36(1):11–15.
                 patients with esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 1989; 24(9):872–
                 873.                                              Lugo B, et al. Thoracoscopic versus open repair of
                                                                     tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia. J
               Davies MRQ. Anatomy of the extrinsic motor nerve supply to   Laperoendosc Adv Surg Tech 2008; 18(5):753–756.
                 mobilized segments of the oesophagus disrupted by dissection   Nandi B, Mungongo C, Lakhoo, K. A comparison of neonatal surgical
                 during repair of oesophageal atresia with distal fistula. Brit J Surg   admissions between two linked surgical departments in Africa and
                 1996; 83:1268–1270.
                                                                     Europe. Pediatr Surg Int 2008; 24:939–942.
               Goyal A, Jones MO, Couriel JM, Losty PD. Oesophageal atresia
                 and tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Review. Arch Dis Child Fetal   Puri P, Khurana S. Delayed primary esophageal anastomosis for pure
                 Neonatal Ed 2006; 91(5):F381–F384.                  esophageal atresias. Semin Pediatr Surg 1998; 7(2):126–129.
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