Page 52 - 48Fundamentals of Compressible Fluid Mechanics

14 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

1.3.4.1 Filling and Evacuating Gaseous Chambers
It is remarkable that there were so few contributions made in the area of a filling
or evacuation gaseous chamber. The earlier work dealing with this issue was by
Giffen, 1940, and was republished by Owczarek, J. A., the model and solution to
the nozzle attached to chamber issue in his book “Fundamentals of Gas Dynam-
45
ics.” . He also extend the model to include the unchocked case. Later several
researchers mostly form University in Illinois extend this work to isothermal nozzle
(chock and unchecked).
The simplest model of nozzle, is not sufficient in many cases and a con-
nection by a tube (rather just nozzle or orifice) is more appropriated. Since World
War II considerable works have been carried out in this area but with very little
46
progress . In 1993 the first reasonable models for forced volume were published
by the undersigned. Later, that model was extended by several research groups,
The analytical solution for forced volume and the “balloon” problem (airbag’s prob-
lem) model were published first in this book (version 0.35) in 2005. The classifi-
cation of filling or evacuating the chamber as external control and internal control
(mostly by pressure) was described in version 0.3 of this book.

1.3.5 Biographies of Major Figures

In this section a short summary of major
figures that influenced the field of gas
dynamics is present. There are many
figures that should be included and a
biased selection was required. Much
information can be obtained from other
resources, such as the Internet. In this
section there is no originality and none
should be expected.

1.3.5.1 Galileo Galilei
Galileo was born in Pisa, Italy on Febru-
ary 15, 1564 to musician Vincenzo
Galilei and Giulia degli Ammannati. The
oldest of six children, Galileo moved
with his family in early 1570 to Florence. Fig. 1.5: Portrait of Galileo Galilei
Galileo started his studying at the University of Pisa in 1581. He then became a
45 International Textbook Co., Scranton, Pennsylvania, 1964.
46 In fact, the emergence of the CFD gave the illusion that there are solutions at hand, not realizing
that garbage in is garbage out, i.e., the model has to be based on scientific principles and not detached
from reality. As anecdotal story explaining the lack of progress, in die casting conference there was
a discussion and presentation on which turbulence model is suitable for a complete still liquid. Other
“strange” models can be found in the undersigned’s book “Fundamentals of Die Casting Design.