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of the law.
                                            Having once established the law, New-
                                         ton proceeded to trace some of its conse-
                                         quences. He saw that the figure of the earth
                                         depends partly on the mutual gravitation of
                                         its parts, and partly on the centrifugal ten-
                                         dency due to the earth’s rotation, and that
                                         these should cause a flattening of the poles.
                                         He invented a mathematical method which
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