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Figure 7. Differences in the prevalence of T2DM among selected ethnic groups. 41
Figure 8. Proportion of US children with T1D and T2D according to race/ethnicity
(A = children 0-9 years; B = children 10-19 years). NHW = non-Hispanic white;
AA = African American; H = Hispanic; API = Asian/Pacific Islander; American Indian. 42
Lifestyle
A variety of lifestyle factors are known to influence the risk of develop-
ing T2DM. Exercise has a definite effect on T2DM. Studies have shown
that exercise appears to reduce the risk of developing T2DM even after
adjusting for body-mass index (Figure 9). The relative risk of devel-
44
oping this disease in those people exercising vigorously once a week,
2–4 times a week and ≥5 times a week is 0.77 (95% CI: 0.55–1.07), 0.62
(95% CI: 0.46–0.82) and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.40–0.84), respectively. Exercise
44
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