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References from supplement 4 continued

151. Bloom BR, Murray CJL. Tubercu-
losis: commentary on a reemergent
killer. Science 1992;257:1055-64.

152. Nardell EA. Dodging droplet nuclei:
reducing the probability of nosoco-
mial tuberculosis transmission in the
AIDS era. Am Rev Respir Dis Disposable
1990;142:501-3. Particulate
Respirator.

Photo courtesy of
Alpha Pro Tech.
Types of Respirators for Protection
Types of Respirators for Protection
Against TB Disposable
Against TB
Particulate
Respirator with
NOTE: Allow users to choose from a variety of fixed straps and no
respirators (several manufacturers and sizes) to exhalation valve.
obtain the best and most comfortable fit possible. §
The minimum level of respiratory protection for Photo courtesy of
TB recommended by NIOSH is the N-95 half- MSA.
mask respirator.

will allow some contaminated air to leak into
A. Disposable Particulate Respirators the facepiece.
The NIOSH-certified disposable respirators
labeled N, R, or P meet CDC criteria and may 2. A respirator with exhalation valves cannot
be obtained with or without exhalation valves. be used when working in a sterile field such
Most manufacturers also produce them in as an operating room. The exhalation valve
different sizes. A face shield may also be used allows droplets and particles exhaled by the
in conjunction with a half-mask disposable user to escape and potentially contaminate
respirator for protection against body fluids. the surgical field. These respirators are also

Advantages available without exhalation valves.
1. The respirator is disposable and most mod-
els require no cleaning or maintenance
(See page 28).

2. The respirator is light weight and fairly
comfortable to wear. Disposable
Particulate
Respirator with
Disadvantages adjustable straps
1. The respirator is a negative-pressure device and exhalation
using the suction produced by inhalation to valve.
draw air through the filter. The inhalation Photo courtesy
process, even under the best of circumstances, of MSA.

§See Appendix D for a list of manufacturers.

7