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Figure A. Analytic framework that depicts the five Key Questions that examine the role of active
surveillance in the management of men with clinically localized prostate cancer
ADT = androgen deprivation therapy; AS = active surveillance; KQ = Key Question.
* ADT alone is a management strategy that is not reviewed in this report.
Methods
The EPC convened a group of experts in the epidemiology and treatment of prostate cancer
to form a Technical Expert Panel, which provided clinical and methodological expertise in
interpreting the Key Questions, identifying important issues, and defining parameters for the
review of evidence. In addition, input from these experts was sought when questions arose
regarding the scope of the review.
Literature Searches, Eligibility Criteria, and Screening
Multiple literature searches were performed in MEDLINE from inception to August 2011.
We searched for recent systematic reviews, and subsequently conducted separate but overlapping
searches for each of the first four Key Questions. We used search terms related to prostate
cancer, active surveillance, watchful waiting, expectant management, and other related
ES-5
